X-FILES - SEASON ONE - Card #57 - "ICE" PARASITIC WORMS STORYBOARD - Topps 1996 For Sale

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X-FILES - SEASON ONE - Card #57 - "ICE" PARASITIC WORMS STORYBOARD - Topps 1996:
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TheX-Files isan American science fiction drama television series created by ChrisCarter. The original television series aired from September 10, 1993to May 19, 2002 on Fox. The program spanned nine seasons, with 202episodes. A short tenth season consisting of six episodes premieredon January 24, 2016, and concluded on February 22, 2016. Followingthe ratings success of this revival, Fox announced in April 2017 thatThe X-Files would be returning for an eleventh season of tenepisodes. The season premiered on January 3, 2018, concluding onMarch 21, 2018. In addition to the television series, two featurefilms have been released: The 1998 film The X-Files, whichtook place as part of the TV series continuity, and the stand-alonefilm The X-Files: I Want to Believe, released in 2008, sixyears after the original television run had ended.

The series revolves aroundFederal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) special agents Fox Mulder(David Duchovny), and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) who investigateX-Files: marginalized, unsolved cases involving paranormal phenomena.Mulder believes in the existence of aliens and the paranormal whileScully, a medical doctor and a skeptic, is assigned to scientificallyanalyze Mulder's discoveries, offer alternate rational theories tohis work, and thus return him to mainstream cases. Early in theseries, both agents become pawns in a larger conflict and come totrust only each other and a few select people. The agents alsodiscover an agenda of the government to keep the existence ofextraterrestrial life a secret. They develop a close relationshipwhich begins as a platonic friendship, but becomes a romance by theend of the series. In addition to the series-spanning story arc,"monster of the week" episodes form roughly two-thirds ofall episodes.

The X-Files wasinspired by earlier television series which featured elements ofsuspense and speculative fiction, including The Twilight Zone,Night Gallery, Tales from the Darkside, Twin Peaks,and especially Kolchak: The Night Stalker. When creating themain characters, Carter sought to reverse gender stereotypes bymaking Mulder a believer and Scully a skeptic. The first sevenseasons featured Duchovny and Anderson equally. In the eighth andninth seasons, Anderson took precedence while Duchovny appearedintermittently. New main characters were introduced: FBI agents JohnDoggett (Robert Patrick) and Monica Reyes (Annabeth Gish). Mulder andScully's boss, Assistant Director Walter Skinner (Mitch Pileggi),also became a main character. The first five seasons of TheX-Files were filmed and produced in Vancouver, British Columbia,before eventually moving to Los Angeles to accommodate Duchovny. Theseries later returned to Vancouver to film The X-Files: I Want toBelieve as well as the tenth and eleventh seasons of the series.

The X-Files was ahit for the Fox network and received largely positive reviews,although its long-term story arc was criticized near the conclusion.Initially considered a cult series, it turned into a pop culturetouchstone that tapped into public mistrust of governments and largeinstitutions and embraced conspiracy theories and spirituality. Boththe series itself and lead actors Duchovny and Anderson receivedmultiple awards and nominations, and by its conclusion the show wasthe longest-running science fiction series in U.S. televisionhistory. The series also spawned a franchise which includesMillennium and The Lone Gunmen spin-offs, twotheatrical films and accompanying merchandise.

The X-Files followsthe careers and personal lives of FBI Special Agents Fox Mulder(David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson). Mulder is atalented profiler and strong believer in the supernatural. He is alsoadamant about the existence of intelligent extraterrestrial life andits presence on Earth. This set of beliefs earns him the nickname"Spooky Mulder" and an assignment to a little-knowndepartment that deals with unsolved cases, known as the X-Files. Hisbelief in the paranormal springs from the claimed abduction of hissister Samantha Mulder by extraterrestrials when Mulder was 12. Herabduction drives Mulder throughout most of the series. Because ofthis, as well as more nebulous desires for vindication and therevelation of truths kept hidden by human authorities, Mulderstruggles to maintain objectivity in his investigations.

Agent Scully is a foil forMulder in this regard. As a medical doctor and natural skeptic,Scully approaches cases with complete detachment even when Mulder,despite his considerable training, loses his objectivity. She ispartnered with Mulder initially so that she can debunk Mulder'snonconforming theories, often supplying logical, scientificexplanations for the cases' apparently unexplainable phenomena.Although she is frequently able to offer scientific alternatives toMulder's deductions, she is rarely able to refute them completely.Over the course of the series, she becomes increasingly dissatisfiedwith her own ability to approach the cases scientifically. AfterMulder's abduction at the hands of aliens in the seventh seasonfinale "Requiem", Scully becomes a "reluctantbeliever" who manages to explain the paranormal with science.

Various episodes also dealwith the relationship between Mulder and Scully, originally platonic,but that later develops romantically. Mulder and Scully are joined byJohn Doggett (Robert Patrick) and Monica Reyes (Annabeth Gish) latein the series, after Mulder is abducted. Doggett replaces him asScully's partner and helps her search for him, later involving Reyes,of whom Doggett had professional knowledge. The initial run of TheX-Files ends when Mulder is secretly subjected to a militarytribunal for breaking into a top secret military facility and viewingplans for alien invasion and colonization of Earth. He is foundguilty, but he escapes punishment with the help of the other agentsand he and Scully become fugitives.

As the show progressed, keyepisodes, called parts of the "Mytharc", were recognized asthe "mythology" of the series canon; these episodes carriedthe extraterrestrial/conspiracy storyline that evolved throughout theseries. "Monster of the week"—often abbreviated as "MOTW"or "MoW"—came to denote the remainder of The X-Filesepisodes. These episodes, comprising the majority of the series,dealt with paranormal phenomena, including: cryptids, mutants,science fiction technology, horror monsters, and religious phenomena.Some of the Monster-of-the-Week episodes even featured satiricelements and comedic story lines. The main story arc involves theagents' efforts to uncover a government conspiracy that covers up theexistence of extraterrestrials and their sinister collaboration withsaid government. Mysterious men comprising a shadow element withinthe U.S. government, known as "The Syndicate", are themajor villains in the series; late in the series it is revealed thatThe Syndicate acts as the only liaison between mankind and a group ofextraterrestrials that intends to destroy the human species. They areusually represented by Cigarette Smoking Man (William B. Davis), aruthless killer, masterful politician, negotiator, failed novelist,and the series' principal antagonist.

As the series goes along,Mulder and Scully learn about evidence of the alien invasion piece bypiece. It is revealed that the extraterrestrials plan on using asentient virus, known as the black oil (also known as "Purity"),to infect mankind and turn the population of the world into a slaverace. The Syndicate—having made a deal to be spared by thealiens—have been working to develop an alien-human hybrid that willbe able to withstand the effects of the black oil. The group has alsobeen secretly working on a vaccine to overcome the black oil; thisvaccine is revealed in the latter parts of season five, as well asthe 1998 film. Counter to the alien colonization effort, anotherfaction of aliens, the faceless rebels, are working to stop aliencolonization. Eventually, in the season six episodes "TwoFathers"/"One Son", the rebels manage to destroy theSyndicate. The colonists, now without human liaisons, dispatch the"Super Soldiers": beings that resemble humans, but arebiologically alien. In the latter parts of season eight, and thewhole of season nine, the Super Soldiers manage to replace keyindividuals in the government, forcing Mulder and Scully to go intohiding.

• Fox Mulder (seasons 1–7, 10–11, main; season 8–9, intermittent lead[nb 1]) is portrayed by David Duchovny. Mulder is an Oxford-educated FBI special agent who believes in the existence of extraterrestrials and a government conspiracy to hide the truth regarding them. He works in the X-Files office, which is concerned with cases marked as unsolvable; most involve supernatural/mysterious circumstances. Mulder considers the X-Files so important that he has made their study his life's main purpose. After his abduction by aliens at the end of season seven, his role in the show diminished and much of his work is taken on by Agent John Doggett. He appeared in an episode of The Lone Gunmen and in both the 1998 film The X-Files and the 2008 film The X-Files: I Want to Believe.

• Dana Scully (seasons 1–11, main) is portrayed by Gillian Anderson. Scully is an FBI special agent, a medical doctor, and scientist who is Mulder's partner. In contrast to his credulity, Scully is a skeptic, basing her beliefs on scientific explanations. However, despite her otherwise rigid skepticism, she is a Catholic, and her faith plays an important role in several episodes. As the series progresses, she becomes more open to the possibility of paranormal happenings. In the latter part of the eighth season, her position in the X-Files office is taken by Agent Monica Reyes, and Scully moves to Quantico to teach new FBI agents. She appeared in both The X-Files feature films.

• John Doggett (seasons 8–9, main) is portrayed by Robert Patrick. Doggett is an FBI special agent who makes his first appearance in the season eight episode "Within". Doggett served in the United States Marine Corps from the 1970s to the 1980s. Later, he started to work with the New York City Police Department, reaching the rank of detective. After his son's death, he joined the FBI's Criminal Investigations Division. In 2000, Alvin Kersh assigned him to the X-files unit as Scully's partner after an unsuccessful task force attempt to find Mulder. He did not appear in The X-Files feature films.

• Monica Reyes (season 8, 10–11, recurring; season 9, main) is portrayed by Annabeth Gish. Reyes is an FBI special agent who was born and raised in Mexico City. She majored in folklore and mythology at Brown University and earned a master's degree in religious studies. Her first FBI assignment was serving on a special task force investigating satanic rituals. She is a longtime friend of Doggett's and becomes his partner after Scully's departure. She did not appear in The X-Files feature films.

• Walter Skinner (seasons 1–8, recurring; season 9–11, intermittent lead[nb 2]) is portrayed by Mitch Pileggi. Skinner is an FBI assistant director who served in the United States Marine Corps in the Vietnam War. During this time he shot and killed a young boy carrying explosives, an incident which scarred him for life. Skinner is originally Mulder and Scully's direct supervisor. He later serves the same position for Doggett and Reyes. Although he is originally portrayed as somewhat antagonistic, he eventually becomes a close friend of Mulder and Scully. He appeared in an episode of The Lone Gunmen and in both The X-Files feature films.

• Cigarette Smoking Man (seasons 1–7, 9–11) is portrayed by William B. Davis. The Cigarette Smoking Man is the series' primary villain. In the ninth-season episodes "William" and "The Truth", it is suggested that he is Mulder's biological father. In the seventh-season episode "Requiem", he is believed to be killed after being pushed down a flight of stairs by Alex Krycek until the ninth-season finale "The Truth", where Mulder and Scully travel through remote New Mexico and reach a pueblo where a "wise man" reputedly lives and is revealed to be Cigarette Smoking Man. He also appears in the 1998 feature film.

• Alex Krycek (seasons 2–9) is portrayed by Nicholas Lea. Krycek is a Russian-American, the son of Cold War immigrants, and first introduced as an FBI Special Agent assigned as a temporary investigation partner to Fox Mulder. Krycek proceeds to work with Mulder and attempts to gain his trust. However, it later becomes evident that Krycek is actually an undercover agent working for Cigarette Smoking Man. Krycek plays an important part in several events that are harmful to Mulder and Scully.

• Jeffrey Spender (seasons 5–6, 9, 11) is portrayed by Chris Owens. Spender was a skeptic who was assigned to The X-Files after Fox Mulder's forced leave. Spender is the son of Cigarette Smoking Man and his ex-wife, multiple abductee Cassandra Spender, as well as possibly being the half-brother of Mulder. Initially thought to have been murdered by Cigarette Smoking Man, Spender returned, horribly disfigured, in the ninth season and helped Scully's son William.

• Alvin Kersh (seasons 6, 8–9, 11) is portrayed by James Pickens Jr.. As an assistant director (and later deputy director), he temporarily became supervisor to Agents Fox Mulder and Dana Scully when they were assigned away from the X-Files division. During this time, Cigarette Smoking Man would often visit him in his office. Kersh assigned Mulder and Scully mostly to menial tasks, such as terrorist details and Federal background checks. Kersh was largely antagonistic to Mulder and Scully, but in "The Truth" somewhat redeemed himself by helping Mulder escape capital punishment.

GillianLeigh Anderson, OBE(born August 9, 1968) is an American-British actress. Her creditsinclude the roles of FBI Special Agent Dana Scully in thelong-running series The X-Files, ill-fated socialite Lily Bartin Terence Davies' film The House of Mirth (2000), DSU StellaGibson on the BBC crime drama television series The Fall, andsex therapist Jean Milburn in the Netflix comedy-drama SexEducation. Among other honours, Anderson has won a Primetime EmmyAward, a Golden Globe Award and two Screen Actors Guild Awards. Shehas resided in London since 2002, after earlier years divided betweenthe United Kingdom and the United States.

Afterbeginning her career on stage, Anderson achieved internationalrecognition for her role as FBI Special Agent Dana Scully on theAmerican sci-fi drama series The X-Files. Her film workincludes the dramas The Mighty Celt (2005), The Last Kingof Scotland (2006), Shadow Dancer (2012), Viceroy'sHouse (2017) and two X-Files films: The X-Files: Fightthe Future (1998) and The X-Files: I Want to Believe(2008). Other notable television credits include: Lady Dedlock inBleak House (2005), Wallis Simpson in Any Human Heart(2010), Miss Havisham in Great Expectations (2011), Dr.Bedelia Du Maurier on Hannibal (2013–2015), and Media onAmerican Gods (2017). In 2019, Anderson began playing JeanMilburn in the Netflix comedy-drama Sex Education.

Asidefrom film and television, Anderson has taken to the stage andreceived both awards and critical acclaim. Her stage work includesAbsent Friends (1991), for which she won a Theatre World Awardfor Best Newcomer; A Doll's House (2009), for which she wasnominated for a Laurence Olivier Award, and a portrayal of BlancheDuBois in A Streetcar Named Desire (2014, 2016), winning theEvening Standard Theatre Award for Best Actress and receivinga second Laurence Olivier Award nomination for Best Actress. In 2019,she portrayed Margo Channing in the stage production of All AboutEve for which she received her third Laurence Olivier Awardnomination. Anderson is the co-writer of The Earthend Saganovel trilogy and the self-help guide book WE: A Manifesto forWomen Everywhere.

Andersonhas been active in supporting numerous charities and humanitarianorganizations. She is an honorary spokesperson for theNeurofibromatosis Network and a co-founder of South African YouthEducation for Sustainability (SAYes). Anderson was appointed anhonorary Officer of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire(OBE) in 2016 for her services to drama.

Andersonwas born in Chicago, Illinois, the daughter of Rosemary "Posie"Alyce (née Lane), a computer analyst, and Homer Edward "Ed"Anderson III, who owned a film post-production company. She is ofEnglish, German, and Irish ancestry. Soon after her birth, herparents moved to Puerto Rico for 15 months, then to London. Thefamily relocated so that her father could attend the London FilmSchool. During her childhood, she lived in north London's Crouch Endand Harringay. She was a pupil of Coleridge Primary School. WhenAnderson was 11 years old, her family returned to the United States,settling in Grand Rapids, Michigan. They continued to keep a flat inLondon, and spent their summers there. Anderson later said that shehad always intended to return to England. In Grand Rapids, sheattended Fountain Elementary and City High-Middle School, a programfor gifted students with a strong emphasis on the humanities.

Wewere in a small Republican town. There were only six punks there. Wewere weird. It's not like London.

—Andersonon her teenage years in Grand Rapids

Followingthe move to Grand Rapids, Anderson went through a rebellious stage asa teenager; taking drugs, dating a much older boyfriend, andcultivating a punk appearance (dyeing her hair various colors,shaving the sides of her head, sporting a nose piercing and anall-black wardrobe). She was put in therapy at the age of 14.Anderson listened to bands such as Dead Kennedys and Skinny Puppy.She was voted by her classmates as "class clown", "mostbizarre girl" and "most likely to be arrested". Shewas arrested on graduation night for breaking and entering into herhigh school in an attempt to glue the locks of the doors. She latermanaged to reduce the charges to trespassing.

Atan early age, Anderson was interested in marine biology, but afterbecoming interested in theatre during her teenage years, she beganacting in high school productions during her first year and later incommunity theatre. She also served as a student intern at the GrandRapids Civic Theatre & School of Theatre Arts. After graduatingfrom high school in 1986, she attended The Theatre School at DePaulUniversity in Chicago, where she earned a Bachelor of Fine Arts in1990. Anderson also participated in the National Theatre of GreatBritain's summer program at Cornell University. To support herselffinancially during her student years, she worked at the Goose IslandBrewpub in Chicago. After Anderson became famous, the brewery namedone of their beers after her – a Belgian Style Farmhouse Ale,simply called "Gillian".

Andersonis the eldest of three siblings. Her brother Aaron – who wasdiagnosed with neurofibromatosis – died in 2011 of a brain tumor,at the age of 30. Aaron was a DJ, a mentor, and a practicingBuddhist. He was in his second year of a PhD program in DevelopmentalPsychology at Stanford University when he was diagnosed withglioblastoma in 2008. Her sister Zoe is a ceramicist, whom Andersoncalls "an exceptional artist". Zoe is openly gay and ismarried to her partner.

Andersonis offerialectal. With her English accent and background, she wasmocked and felt out of place as a teenager in the American Midwestand soon adopted a Midwestern accent. To this day, she easily shiftsbetween her American and English accents. In May 2013, during aninterview with BlogTalkRadio, Anderson addressed the matter of hernational identity: "I've been asked whether I feel more like aBrit than an American and I don't know what the answer to thatquestion is. I know that I feel that London is home and I'm veryhappy with that as my home. I love London as a city and I feel verycomfortable there. In terms of identity, I'm still a bit baffled."

Andersonmoved to New York when she was 22 years old. To support herself asshe started her career, she worked as a waitress. She began hercareer in Alan Ayckbourn's play Absent Friends at theManhattan Theatre Club alongside Brenda Blethyn; for her role she wonthe 1990–91 Theatre World Award for "Best Newcomer". Hernext theatrical role was in Christopher Hampton's ThePhilanthropist at the Long Wharf Theatre in New Haven,Connecticut.

Andersonmoved to Los Angeles in 1992 and spent a year auditioning. The sameyear, she appeared in her first feature-length film, The Turning,starring Karen Allen and Tess Harper. The film drama is an adaptationof the play Home Fires Burning.

Althoughshe had once vowed she would never do television work, being out ofwork for a year changed her mind. Anderson recalled: "First ofall, I swore I'd never move to Los Angeles, and once I did, I sworeI'd never do television. It was only after being out of work foralmost a year that I began going in [to auditions] on some stuff thatI would pray that I wouldn't get because I didn't want to be involvedin it." She broke into mainstream television in 1993 with aguest appearance on the collegiate drama, Class of '96, on thefledgling Fox Network.

Asa result of this guest appearance, Anderson was sent the script forThe X-Files. She was 24 when she decided to audition because,"for the first time in a long time, the script involved astrong, independent, intelligent woman as a lead character."Producer Chris Carter wanted to hire her, but Fox wanted someone withprevious television exposure and greater sex appeal. Fox sent in moreactresses, but Carter stood by Anderson, and she was eventually castas FBI Special Agent Dana Scully. Anderson got the part assuming itwould run for 13 episodes, the standard minimum order for Americantelevision networks. Filmed for the first five seasons in Vancouver,British Columbia, before moving to Los Angeles, the series ran fornine seasons. Two related films were also produced, released in 1998and 2008. During her time on The X-Files, Anderson wonnumerous awards for her portrayal of Special Agent Scully, includingan Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series, aGolden Globe for Best Actress in a Television Series Drama, twoScreen Actors Guild Awards for Outstanding Performance by a FemaleActor in a Drama Series and a Saturn Award for Best Actress onTelevision. Anderson is the first actress to win an Emmy, a GoldenGlobe, and a SAG Award in the same year. For the role, she received atotal of four Emmy nominations, four Golden Globe nominations andnine SAG nominations.

Wegot a lot of letters all the time, and I was told quite frequently bygirls who were going into the medical world or the science world orthe FBI world or other worlds that I reigned, that they were pursuingthose pursuits because of the character of Scully. And I said, 'Yay!'

—Andersonon "The Scully Effect"

Andersonwas the first woman to write and direct an episode of the X-Files("all things"). During The X-Files run – betweenthe fifth and sixth seasons – Anderson co-starred in TheX-Files: Fight the Future, a 1998 motion picture that continuedThe X-Files storyline. Anderson also provided the voice for aparody of her Scully character in "The Springfield Files",an episode of the animated comedy television series The Simpsons.While filming the X-Files, she met assistant art directorClyde Klotz, who became her first husband. Anderson's character onX-Files initiated a phenomenon referred to as "The ScullyEffect"; as the medical doctor and the FBI Special Agentinspired many young women to pursue careers in science, medicine andlaw enforcement. It contributed to the increase in the number ofwomen in those fields. "The Scully Effect" remains asubject of academic inquiry.

In1996, Anderson narrated the television documentaries Spies Aboveand Why Planes Go Down. While hosting the BBC documentaryseries Future Fantastic, she became impressed by the thememusic of the show, by the electronic duo Hal and initiated acollaboration with them. In 1997, Anderson provided spoken wordvocals and starred in the music video for their single "Extremis",which was frequently aired on MTV. She also helped to assemble analbum of electronic music, Future: A Journey Through TheElectronic Underground, for Virgin Records, which won praise fromEuropean music critics.

In1997, Anderson appeared in the independent film Chicago Cab.In 1998, she starred in the film Playing by Heart with SeanConnery, Angelina Jolie, Ellen Burstyn and Jon Stewart. Anderson alsohad a supporting role in the film The Mighty with GenaRowlands, Harry Dean Stanton, James Gandolfini and Sharon Stone. In1999, Anderson had a supporting role in the English-language releaseof Hayao Miyazaki's Princess Mononoke, where she voiced thecharacter of Moro. Anderson is a fan of Studio Ghibli and Miyazaki'swork. She also took part in Eve Ensler's The Vagina Monologues.

In2000, Anderson starred in the film The House of Mirth withEric Stoltz – Terence Davies' adaptation of the Edith Wharton novelof the same name – for which she won critical acclaim and awardssuch as the British Independent Film Award for Best Actress, VillageVoice Film Poll Best Lead Performance, and a nomination for theNational Society of Film Critics Award for Best Actress.

WhenThe X-Files ended in 2002, she moved back to London for acomplete change of pace and the opportunity to return to the stage.In 2002, Anderson made her West End debut in Michael Weller's playWhat The Night Is For at the Comedy Theatre. In 2004, Andersonstarred in the Royal Court Theatre's production of Rebecca Gilman'splay The Sweetest Swing in Baseball, as artist Dana Fieldingwho assumes the personality of the troubled baseball player DarrylStrawberry – a role for which she earned rave reviews.

In2005, she appeared as Lady Dedlock in the BBC adaptation of CharlesDickens' novel Bleak House. She had a starring role in theIrish film The Mighty Celt, for which she won an IFTA awardfor Best International Actress. The same year she also appeared in ACock and Bull Story with Steve Coogan and Rob Brydon – a filmversion of the novel Tristram Shandy. In 2006, Anderson wonthe Broadcasting Press Guild Television and Radio Award for BestActress for her role in Bleak House. She was nominated for aBritish Academy Television Award (BAFTA) for Best Actress, she alsoreceived an Emmy nomination for Outstanding Lead Actress in aMiniseries or Movie, a nomination for a Golden Globe, a SatelliteAward nomination, and came in second place in the Best Actresscategory of the 2005 BBC Drama website poll for her portrayal of LadyDedlock in the adaptation.

During2006 and 2007, Anderson appeared in two British films: The LastKing of Scotland with Forest Whitaker and James McAvoy, (2006)and Straightheads with Danny Dyer (2007). In 2008, Andersonhosted Masterpiece Theatre during the Jane Austen series; shewas the first woman to host the series since it began in 1971. Thesame year, Anderson starred in the second X-Files film, TheX-Files: I Want to Believe and appeared alongside Simon Pegg inthe British comedy film How to Lose Friends & Alienate People.In 2009, she starred in the British comedy film Boogie Woogiewith Alan Cumming, Danny Huston and Stellan Skarsgård.

Sheportrayed Nora in Ibsen's A Doll's House at the DonmarWarehouse in London's West End during a limited engagement which ranfrom May 14, 2009, until July 18, 2009. Anderson received anomination for the Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actress, forproductions which opened in the 2009 calendar year, for her portrayalof Nora.

InNovember 2010, Anderson portrayed Wallis, Duchess of Windsor in AnyHuman Heart – a television adaptation of William Boyd's novelof the same name, for which she was nominated for a BAFTA for BestSupporting Actress on Television. In April 2011, she starred in theBBC adaptation The Crimson Petal and the White as Mrs.Castaway, for which she was nominated for the Broadcasting PressGuild Award for Best Actress. In August 2011, she appeared in thetelevision miniseries Moby Dick based on Herman Melville's1851 novel, as Elisabeth, Ahab's wife. The same year, Andersonappeared as the head of MI7, Pamela Thornton, in the British comedyJohnny English Reborn. She starred as Miss Havisham in athree-part BBC adaptation of Great Expectations that aired inlate December 2011. For her portrayal in the adaptation she won theArtistic Excellence Award, was nominated for the Critics' ChoiceTelevision Award for Best Actress in a Movie/Miniseries and for theBroadcasting Press Guild Award for Best Actress.

In2012, Anderson appeared in a Swiss drama film, Sister, and inShadow Dancer – a British-Irish drama film based on thenovel of the same name, about the Irish republican movement. Andersonvoiced the character of Dr. Miki Hokuto in the English-languageversion of Studio Ghibli's From Up on Poppy Hill, which wasreleased in March 2013. The same year, she starred in the Canadiantechno-thriller I'll Follow You Down and appeared in Mr.Morgan's Last Love with Michael Caine.

InMay 2013, Anderson began starring as DSU Stella Gibson in TheFall, a critically acclaimed crime drama series for BBC Two andRTÉ One. Anderson was praised for her portrayal of the cool,self-assured Gibson, and was nominated for several awards. She alsobecame an executive producer for the programme from its secondseries. Between 2013 and 2015, Anderson played Dr. Bedelia DuMaurier, Hannibal Lecter's psychiatrist, on the NBC series Hannibal.In 2014, Anderson was promoted from a recurring character during thefirst two seasons, to a series regular for the third season. In 2014,Anderson starred in the British independent science fiction filmRobot Overlords alongside Sir Ben Kingsley. That year, shealso appeared in Jeffrey D. Brown's drama Sold, portrayingSophia, a character based on the humanitarian photographer LisaKristine. The film presents the issues of child trafficking andsexual slavery in India, and is based on Patricia McCormick's novelof the same name.

InJuly 2014, Anderson gained critical acclaim for her stage performanceas Blanche DuBois in A Streetcar Named Desire by TennesseeWilliams at the Young Vic Theatre in London. She won the EveningStandard Theatre Award for Best Actress and received her secondLaurence Olivier Award nomination for Best Actress. The productionbecame the fastest-selling show in the theatre's history, and the runwas extended by two weeks due to the demand for tickets. In the firstcollaboration between the Young Vic Theatre and National TheatreLive, the show was broadcast live to over 1100 venues on September16, 2014. Thus far, it has been screened in more than 2000 venues. InFebruary 2015, Anderson directed and starred in a short film prequelto A Streetcar Named Desire, titled The Departure,written by novelist Andrew O'Hagan. This is part of the Young Vic'sshort film series, which is produced in collaboration with TheGuardian.

InOctober 2014, Anderson published her first book, A Vision of Fire,co-authored with Jeff Rovin. The book is the first novel of what hasdeveloped as The Earthend Saga trilogy. The publisherdescribes it as "a science fiction thriller of epicproportions". In December 2015, Anderson and Rovin publishedtheir second novel of the trilogy, A Dream of Ice. In January2016, Anderson portrayed Anna Pavlovna Scherer in BBC One'stelevision adaptation War & Peace. The same month, shereturned to portray FBI Special Agent Dana Scully in the six-episodetenth season of The X-Files. Anderson has fought and succeededin securing equal pay with her male co-star on The X-Files inthe '90s and again in 2015, when negotiating her salary with thenetwork. She has been outspoken about the ongoing issue throughoutthe years.

FromApril 23, 2016 through June 4, 2016, Anderson reprised her role ofBlanche DuBois in A Streetcar Named Desire on stage at the newSt. Ann's Warehouse in Brooklyn, New York City. On September 13,2016, Anderson and Rovin published The Sound of Seas; theirthird and final novel of The EarthEnd Saga trilogy. The samemonth, she returned to portraying DSU Stella Gibson in the thirdseries of The Fall. Anderson is the narrator of the Englishdub of Ronja the Robber's Daughter – Studio Ghibli's anime,which began streaming on Amazon Prime in January 2017. In February2017, Anderson portrayed Edwina Mountbatten in Gurinder Chadha'sPartition drama film Viceroy's House (2017).

OnMarch 7, 2017, Anderson and the journalist-activist Jennifer Nadelpublished their self-help guide book for women, titled WE: AManifesto for Women Everywhere. Anderson stated that the book isa "call-out to all women around the world – and by women Iinclude girls, transgender, anyone who identifies themselves as beingintrinsically female." In April 2017, she played goddess Mediain the first season of American Gods – a television seriesadaptation of Neil Gaiman's science fiction novel of the same name.Following the departure as showrunners of the show's creators, BryanFuller and Michael Green, Anderson stated she would not return to theshow. In October 2017, Anderson appeared alongside Glenn Close andChristina Hendricks in Crooked House – a film adaptation ofAgatha Christie's novel of the same name. In January 2018, she wasback playing FBI Special Agent Dana Scully in the eleventh season ofThe X-Files. In January 2018, she confirmed that she would beleaving The X-Files after the end of the season. Anderson isset to portray the role of Captain MacLaren in Star Citizen'ssingle-player component Squadron 42. In January 2019, shebegan playing Jean Milburn in the Netflix dramedy Sex Education.

FromFebruary 2, 2019 through May 11, 2019, Anderson portrayed MargoChanning in a stage production of All About Eve at the NoëlCoward Theatre for which she received her third Laurence OlivierAward nomination. On September 7, 2019, it was officially announcedthat she will portray former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcherin the fourth season of the Netflix historical drama series TheCrown. Anderson will become the second American actress (afterMeryl Streep in The Iron Lady) to portray Thatcher in a majorproduction. In a statement Anderson said: "I am so excited to bejoining the cast and crew of The Crown and to have theopportunity to portray such a complicated and controversial woman,Thatcher was undoubtedly formidable but I am relishing exploringbeneath the surface and, dare I say, falling in love with the iconwho, whether loved or despised, defined an era."

Andersonis an avid art collector. She spent her first paycheck from theX-Files to purchase an art piece, a David Blackburnlithograph. Her collection includes work by artists such as DianeArbus, Helen Levitt, Cindy Sherman, Francesco Clemente, AlexisRockman and Kiki Smith. Anderson enjoys architecture and interiordesign; she periodically works on floor and house planning projects.She has also expressed a desire to pursue mixed media ventures in thefuture.

Andersonidentifies as a feminist. In an August 2014 interview with Glamourmagazine, Anderson said: "I have feminist bones and when I hearthings or see people react to women in certain ways I have verylittle tolerance." Anderson has several tattoos; all of them, asshe described, are in some way about "peace of mind, right mind,right action". She practices meditation daily.

Andersonmarried her first husband, Clyde Klotz, an X-Files assistantart director, on New Year's Day 1994, in Hawaii in a Buddhistceremony. Their daughter, Piper Maru, was born on September 25, 1994.Showrunner Chris Carter, Piper's godfather, named the X-Filesepisode of the same name after her. Anderson and Klotz divorced in1997. On December 29, 2004, Anderson married Julian Ozanne, adocumentary filmmaker, on Lamu Island, off the coast of Kenya.Anderson announced their separation on April 21, 2006. Anderson andformer boyfriend, businessman Mark Griffiths, have two sons: Oscar,born on November 1, 2006 and Felix, born on October 15, 2008. Sheended their relationship in 2012.

InMarch 2012, Anderson told Out magazine about her pastrelationships with women. Anderson identifies as heterosexual. In aninterview with the London Evening Standard in December 2014,she stated: "I am an actively heterosexual woman who celebrateshowever people want to express their sexuality." In an interviewwith The Daily Telegraph in March 2015, Anderson said that shewas not closed to the idea of entering another same-sex relationship,adding: "To me a relationship is about loving another humanbeing; their gender is irrelevant."

Andersonresides with her three children in London, where she has lived since2002. She has been in a relationship with screenwriter and dramatistPeter Morgan since 2016.

Andersonhas been active in supporting numerous charity organizations, globaland social causes, as well as running her own humanitarian ventures.She supports The Trevor Project organization, focused on suicideprevention efforts among LGBTQ youth and attended three of the TrevorProject's "Cracked X-Mas" events to benefit theorganization. In 2013, Anderson was made a patron of the CharlesDickens Statue Fund, and was instrumental in securing the funding forUK's first Dickens statue, located in Portsmouth, Hampshire. In June2016 she became a patron of the Temple Legal Centre, a London-basedorganization that assists people through the legal process byproviding them free family law advice and support. In June 2016,Anderson expressed her support for the United Kingdom to remain amember of the European Union in the run-up to June's referendum onthat issue. In January 2018, Anderson was given a City Lit LifetimeFellowship Award by the adult education college City LiteraryInstitute.

Andersonis an honorary spokesperson for the Neurofibromatosis Network. Sheoften holds sales with the profits benefiting the NF Network. Herbrother Aaron died from the disease in 2011. In May 1996, Andersonaddressed the United States Congress urging for more education andfunding for NF research projects. She partners with Doodle 4 NF– an annual fundraiser for the NF Network. She also supported theChildren with Tumours organization and the Global Genes movement,which is devoted to helping children with NF.

In2008, Anderson co-founded South African Youth Education forSustainability (SAYes), which helps in empowering marginalised youngpeople in South Africa through youth mentoring. The nonprofitorganization provides youth leaving children's homes with guidancethat enables them to develop their skills, further their education,and source suitable housing in order to participate in society asindependent adults.

Whilefilming The Last King of Scotland in 2005, Anderson started acrowdfunding venture that benefited the Alinyiikira Junior School inKampala, Uganda. She ran the philanthropic project until 2011.Anderson is a member of the board of directors for Artists for a NewSouth Africa and a campaigner for ACTSA: Action for Southern Africa.She was a patron of the Friends of Treatment Action Campaign (FoTAC)which worked with the Treatment Action Campaign in South Africa toensure greater access to treatment to reduce the effects of HIV andprevent new infections. Anderson also supported Buskaid – acharitable trust aiming to help young black musicians in SouthAfrica.

Andersonis a supporter of various women's organizations and social movements.She has been a long-time supporter of the Feminist MajorityFoundation (FMF). In 1996, Anderson became FMF's spokesperson andparticipated as a team leader in the FMF's Million4Roecampaign. In March 1999, she attended an FMF event to stop genderapartheid in Afghanistan and in April 2002, she appeared on HollywoodSquares to benefit the FMF's campaign to aid Afghan women andgirls. Anderson participated in Eve Ensler's Vagina Monologues,including a stage performance on February 14, 1999. Anderson is asupporter of Ensler's V-Day movement aiming to end violence againstwomen and girls.

Andersonis an advocate for reproductive rights. In 2001, she emceed the Rockfor Choice concert fundraiser, featuring musicians Sarah McLachlan,Paula Cole, and Melissa Etheridge as well as actresses Helen Hunt,Ellen DeGeneres, Portia de Rossi, and Kathy Najimy. The concertsupported reproductive options for unplanned pregnancies, includingthe morning-after pill. For International Women's Day 2014, Andersonwas one of the artist signatories of Amnesty International's letterto UK Prime Minister David Cameron campaigning for women's rights inAfghanistan. In March 2015, Anderson backed the Women at the Welldrop-in centre for vulnerable women in London, which is supportedfinancially by Comic Relief. Anderson supports the Refuge, a UnitedKingdom charity providing specialist support for women and childrenexperiencing domestic violence. For International Women's Day 2016,Anderson was one of the high-profile women that signed Burma CampaignUK's pledge to end and investigate crimes of sexual violence againstgirls and women in Myanmar. Anderson is a speaker for Thomson ReutersFoundation's Trust Women Conference.

Andersonis a patron of Childreach International, a London-based charity thatworks in partnership with local communities in the developing worldto secure children's basic rights; she addressed the problem of childtrafficking during the press for the Sold film that presentsthe issue. Anderson also supports their Taught Not Traffickedcampaign that was launched in July 2014. In 2015, Anderson became apatron of the International Literacy Centre (ILC) – European homeof Reading Recovery. In January 2016 she helped launch ILC's ReadingRecovery Read Aloud campaign. During February and March 2016,Anderson held an internet charity sale benefiting Great OrmondStreet Hospital (GOSH) children's hospital in the Bloomsbury area ofLondon. In March 2016, it was reported that Anderson is one of theartists sponsoring an unaccompanied refugee minor in the "Jungle"camp in Calais. In July 2017, Anderson was awarded a UCL HonoraryFellowship for her support of the International Literacy Centre'sReading Recovery program.

Inlate 2010, Anderson and other artists joined a campaign to boycottBotswana diamonds over the government's treatment of the KalahariSan. Anderson supports tribal rights charity Survival International,an organization that champions tribal peoples around the world and inearly 2010 she participated in a performance in a London stagefundraiser for its cause. In February 2011, Anderson narrated a shortfilm about recent footage of an uncontacted tribe, in which theAmazon Indians were spotted from the air on the Brazil-Peru border.Anderson has said: "What comes across powerfully from thisamazing footage is how healthy and confident these people appear. Ihope they can be left alone – but that will only happen if theloggers are stopped." In June 2011, Anderson became anambassador for Survival International. In September 2015, Andersonwas among the artists who signed a letter calling for a new approachto conservation that would respect tribal peoples' rights.

Andersonis an active member of People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals(PETA) and supports animal rights. In 2006, Anderson was honouredwith PETA's Humanitarian Award for her consistent work for theorganization. In October 2008, Anderson narrated for PETA a video ofundercover footage from rabbit fur farms in China and France. InApril 2009, Anderson sent a letter – on behalf of PETA – to everyMember of the European Parliament (MEP) urging to vote in favor ofthe proposed directive on the protection of animals used inscientific procedures. In October 2010, Anderson participated in10:10's controversial short film, No Pressure, as part of theglobal warming mitigation campaign's aim to encourage the reductionof CO2 emissions.

In2012, Anderson joined Greenpeace in standing with the people ofBrazil for a zero-deforestation law to save the Amazon. In 2013, shebacked the Cheetah Conservation Fund by creating a short filmtogether with the fund, advocating CCF's action to prevent theextinction of the cheetah. In 2013, she joined the Fishlovecampaign, supporting the fight against unsustainable fishingpractices that harm the marine ecosystem. In October 2015, Andersonwrote a letter to the Indian Ministry of Health and Family Welfarerequesting a ban on repeat experiments on animals in toxicity tests.In November 2015, Anderson was named a friend and supporter ofPositive Luxury, a company that informs consumers on brands'commitment to quality, craftsmanship, service and sustainability. InFebruary 2018, she posed nude for PETA's "I'd Rather Go NakedThan Wear Fur" campaign.

Year

Title

Role

Notes

1986

Three at Once

Woman 1

Short film

1988

A Matter of Choice

Young pregnant woman

Short film

1992

The Turning

April Cavanaugh

1997

Chicago Cab

Southside Girl or Brenda

1998

The X-Files

FBI Special Agent Dana Scully

The Mighty

Loretta Lee

Playing by Heart

Meredith

1999

Princess Mononoke

Moro (voice)

English dubbing

2000

The House of Mirth

Lily Bart

2005

The Mighty Celt

Kate Morrison

A Cock and Bull Story

Herself/Widow Wadman

2006

The Last King of Scotland

Sarah Merrit

2007

Straightheads

Alice Comfort

2008

The X-Files: I Want to Believe

Dana Scully

How to Lose Friends & Alienate People

Eleanor Johnson

2009

Boogie Woogie

Jean Maclestone

2010

No Pressure

Herself

Short film

2011

Johnny English Reborn

Pamela "Pegasus" Thornton

2012

Sister

Kristin Jansen

Shadow Dancer

Kate Fletcher

Room on the Broom

Witch (voice)

Short film

2013

Mr. Morgan's Last Love

Karen Morgan

From Up on Poppy Hill

Dr. Miki Hokuto (voice)

English dubbing

I'll Follow You Down

Marika Whyte

2014

Sold

Sophia

Robot Overlords

Kate Flynn

2015

The Departure

Blanche Dubois

Short film; also director

2017

Viceroy's House

Edwina Mountbatten

The Artist's Garden: American Impressionism

Narrator (voice)

Documentary

Crooked House

Magda West

2018

The Spy Who Dumped Me

Wendy

UFO

Professor Hendricks

This Changes Everything

Herself

Documentary

2019

The Sunlit Night

Olyana Gregoriov

Year

Title

Role

Notes

1993

Class of '96

Rachel

Episode: "The Accused"

1993–2002; 2016-2018

The X-Files

FBI Special Agent Dana Scully

213 episodes
Also writer and director of "all things"

1995

Eek! the Cat

Agent Scully (voice)

Episode: "Eek Space 9"

1996

ReBoot

Data Nully (voice)

Episode: "Trust No One"

Why Planes Go Down

Narrator (voice)

Documentary

Spies Above

Narrator (voice)

Documentary

Future Fantastic

Narrator (voice)

9 episodes

1996–2002

Hollywood Squares

Herself

5 episodes

1997

The Simpsons

Agent Scully (voice)

Episode: "The Springfield Files"

1999

Frasier

Jenny (voice)

Episode: "Dr. Nora"

Harsh Realm

Narrator (voice)

Uncredited
Episode: "Pilot"

2005

Bleak House

Lady Dedlock

14 episodes

2007

Robbie the Reindeer

Queen Vorkana (voice)

Episode: "Close Encounters of the Herd Kind"

2008

Masterpiece

Herself

Episode: "Sense and Sensibility"

2010

Any Human Heart

Wallis, Duchess of Windsor

3 episodes

2011

The Crimson Petal and the White

Mrs. Castaway

2 episodes

Moby Dick

Elizabeth

2 episodes

Great Expectations

Miss Havisham

3 episodes

2013–2016

The Fall

DSU Stella Gibson

17 episodes; also executive producer

2013–2015

Hannibal

Dr. Bedelia Du Maurier

15 episodes

2014

Crisis

Meg Fitch

10 episodes

Robot Chicken

Fairy Godmother/Fiona (voice)

Episode: "Up, Up, and Buffet"

National Theatre Live

Blanche DuBois

Episode: "A Streetcar Named Desire"

2015

The Widowmaker

Narrator

Voice
Documentary

2016

War & Peace

Anna Pavlovna Scherer

4 episodes

2017

Ronja the Robber's Daughter

Narrator (voice)

26 episodes

American Gods

Media

4 episodes

2019–present

Sex Education

Jean Milburn

16 episodes

2020

The Crown

Margaret Thatcher

Season 4

Year

Title

Role

1996

Hellbender

E.V.E. (Enhanced Virtual Entity)

1998

The X-Files Game

Dana Scully

2004

The X-Files: Resist or Serve

Dana Scully

2020

Squadron 42

Captain Rachel MacLaren

Year

Song title

Artist

Director

1997

"Extremis"

Hal featuring Gillian Anderson

David McNabb

Year

Title

Role

Director

Playwright

Venue

1983

Arsenic and Old Lace

Officer Brophy

N/A

Joseph Kesselring

City High School, Grand Rapids, Michigan

1990

A Flea in Her Ear

Eugenie

N/A

Georges Feydeau

The Theatre School, DePaul University, Chicago, Illinois

1991

Absent Friends

Evelyn

Lynne Meadow

Alan Ayckbourn

Manhattan Theatre Club, New York

1992

The Philanthropist

Celia

Gordon Edelstein

Christopher Hampton

Long Wharf Theatre, New Haven, Connecticut

1999–2000

The Vagina Monologues

N/A

Eve Ensler

Eve Ensler

Los Angeles & London

2002–2003

What The Night Is For

Melinda Metz

John Caird

Michael Weller

Comedy Theatre, London

2004

The Sweetest Swing in Baseball

Dana Fielding

Ian Rickson

Rebecca Gilman

Royal Court Theatre, London

2009

A Doll's House

Nora Helmer

Zinnie Harris

Henrik Ibsen

Donmar Warehouse, London

2010

We Are One: A celebration of tribal peoples

N/A

Mark Rylance

Joanna Eede (author)

Apollo Theatre, London

2013

Letters Live

N/A

N/A

N/A

The Tabernacle, Notting Hill, London

2014

A Streetcar Named Desire

Blanche DuBois

Benedict Andrews

Tennessee Williams

Young Vic, London

2016

Letters Live

N/A

N/A

N/A

Freemasons' Hall, London

A Streetcar Named Desire

Blanche DuBois

Benedict Andrews

Tennessee Williams

St. Ann's Warehouse, New York City

Letters Live

N/A

N/A

N/A

Freemasons' Hall, London

2019

All About Eve

Margo Channing

Ivo van Hove

Mary Orr / Joseph L. Mankiewicz

Noël Coward Theatre

Year

Title

Role

Channel

2007

84, Charing Cross Road

Helene Hanff

BBC Radio 4

• Narrator of Anne Rice's novel Exit to Eden (1992).

• Narrator of The X-Files: Ground Zero (1997).

• Narrator of "The Guardian of the Pool: A Story from Nelson Mandela's Favorite African Folktales" (2009).

• Narrated the story "Reversal" from David Eagleman's speculative fiction book Sum: Forty Tales from the Afterlives (2010).

• Narrated Charlotte Brontë's lost story "L'Ingratitude" for London Review of Books's podcast (2012).

• Narrator of Roald Dahl's short story "The Last Act", which is included in the Switch Bitch collection (2012).

• Narrated the audiobooks of her novel trilogy The Earthend Saga: A Vision of Fire (2014), A Dream of Ice (2015) and The Sound of Seas (2016).

• One of the narrators of BBC Radio 4's ongoing series A History of Ideas (2015).

• Provided a voice recording of reading Virginia Woolf's suicide note for The Royal Ballet production Woolf Works (2015).

• Narrated Wilkie Collins' short story "Mrs. Zant and the Ghost" for Audible UK's Christmas Car Selection (2015).

• Co-narrator of the audiobook for her and Nadel's self-empowerment book WE: A Manifesto for Women Everywhere (2017).

• Provided the voice of Dana Scully for The X-Files: Cold Cases and The X-Files: Stolen Lives audiobooks style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 150%">Anderson, Gillian & Nadel, Jennifer (2017). WE: A Manifesto for Women Everywhere. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN978-1-5011-2627-7. (US) / HarperCollins. ISBN978-0-00-814793-8. (UK)

• Anderson, Gillian & Rovin, Jeff (2014). A Vision of Fire. The Earthend Saga No. 1. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN978-1-4767-7652-1.

• Anderson, Gillian & Rovin, Jeff (2015). A Dream of Ice. The EarthEnd Saga No. 2. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN978-1-4767-7655-2.

• Anderson, Gillian & Rovin, Jeff (2016). The Sound of Seas. The EarthEnd Saga No. 3. New York: Simon & Schuster. style="line-height: 150%">Hal featuring Gillian Anderson – Extremis EP (1997), Virgin Records. Chart positions: UK #23, Scotland #19.

In2009, Anderson was named as one of 20 most powerful women in Britishtheatre and was dubbed "The Honorary Brit" by Harper'sBazaar and Tiffany & Co.'s list. In 2010, Anderson was namedHonorary Associate of The London Film School (LFS).

In2016, Anderson was appointed an honorary Officer of the MostExcellent Order of the British Empire (OBE) for her services todrama. In 2018, she received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.

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